R-Multiple (R) Explained: The Best Trading Metric for Risk Control

Learn what R-multiple means in trading, how to calculate it, and how using R improves consistency, journaling, and strategy evaluation.

R-multiple (R) converts every trade into a standardized result based on planned risk. It is one of the cleanest ways to evaluate performance without distortion from position size.

Letter R formed by a path with checkpoints and a rising line.

The definition

1R equals your planned risk on a trade. If you risk $100, then:

  • +$200 = +2R
  • -$100 = -1R
  • +$50 = +0.5R

How to calculate R

  • Set the risk amount in dollars.
  • Record the trade result in dollars.
  • Divide result by risk.

R = Result / Risk

Why R is powerful

  • It makes trades comparable across markets.
  • It enforces discipline around fixed risk.
  • It highlights whether your edge is real.

Journaling with R

Track these weekly:

  • Average R per trade
  • Win rate
  • Largest loss in R
  • Number of trades above +2R
  • Number of losses worse than -1R

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